Analysis of Whistleblower Protection in Indonesia’s Anti-Corruption Laws Based on UNCAC Standards

Authors

  • Theona Safitri Universitas Harapan Bangsa, Indonesia
  • Farah Nisha Amelia Universitas Harapan Bangsa, Indonesia
  • Inggrit Dwi Yani Universitas Harapan Bangsa, Indonesia
  • Najwa Alma Mutie Universitas Harapan Bangsa, Indonesia
  • Nasywa Mukhbita Nayla Universitas Harapan Bangsa, Indonesia

Keywords:

corruption, Indonesia, legal compliance, UNCAC, whistleblower protection

Abstract

Whistleblower protection serves as a key instrument in efforts to uncover hidden and systemic acts of corruption. This study aims to analyze the normative framework of whistleblower protection under Indonesian law and assess its alignment with international standards set forth in the United Nations Convention against Corruption. The methodology employed is normative legal research utilizing statute approach and comparative approaches. The results of the study indicate that the legal framework in Indonesia has accommodated protection for whistleblowers, but has not yet provided comprehensive guarantees, particularly regarding protection from retaliation, legal certainty, and the safety of whistleblowers. These conditions imply limited individual participation in reporting acts of corruption. In this context, regulatory strengthening and the optimization of institutional roles are necessary to ensure that the whistleblower protection system in Indonesia is more aligned with international standard.

References

ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific. (2001). Anti-Corruption Action Plan for Asia and the Pacific.

Ariyanti, D. O., & Ramadhan, M. (2023). Urgensi Konsep Pembaruan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Whistleblower Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum, 30(3), 583–601. https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol30.iss3.art6

Asliani, & Koto, I. (2022). Kajian Hukum Terhadap Perlindungan Whistleblower dalam Perkara Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Iuris Studia: Jurnal Kajian Hukum, 3(2), 242–247. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55357/is.v3i2.261

Claudia, G. P., Handayani, I. G. A. K. R., Hartiwiningsih, H., & Gafar, J. M. (2024). Legal Protection for Whistleblower in Law Enforcement in Indonesia. International Conference on Cultural Policy and Sustainable Development (ICPSD 2024), 590–598. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-315-3_80

Council of Europe. (1999). Civil Law Convention on Corruption - Explanatory Report.

Fadhilla, S. R. (2024). Urgensi Perlindungan Whistleblower terhadap Fenomena Pelapor Menjadi Tersangka dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Rechtsnormen Jurnal Komunikasi Dan Informasi Hukum, 3(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.56211/rechtsnormen.v3i1.604

Fahririn, MY, A. S., & Nut. (2025). Digital Transformation of Whistleblower Legal Protection in Eradicating Corruption in Indonesia. Journal Evidence Of Law, 4(3), 1211–1220.

Fauziah, S. S., Pratama, R. A., Puspitasari, A. D., Alfajri, M. H., & Murofikoh, D. I. (2025). Efektivitas Undang-Undang No. 31 Tahun 1999 Jo. Uu No. 20 Tahun 2001 Dalam Memberikan Perlindungan Bagi Whistleblower Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Jurnal Inovasi Dan Kolaborasi Nusantara, 6(4), 141–149.

Florida, R., & Sakti, W. (2024). Konsep dan Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Whistleblower dalam Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang dari Perspektif Hukum Positif di Indonesia. IBLAM Law Review, 4(3), 275–289. https://doi.org/10.52249/ilr.v4i3.456

Hiariej, E. O. S. (2019). United Nations Convention Against Corruption dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia. Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada, 31(1), 112. https://doi.org/10.22146/jmh.43968

Ikraam, A., & Febrianti, Z. (2024). Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Whistleblower dalam Aspek Hukum Positif dan Hambatan Penerapannya. Jurnal Magister Ilmu Hukum : Hukum Dan Kesejahteraan, 9(2), 46–58.

Julpandi, Muhammad Hatta, & Hamdani. (2024). Kedudukan Hukum Whistle-Blower Dalam Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia. Cendekia : Jurnal Hukum, Sosial Dan Humaniora, 2(2), 487–507. https://doi.org/10.70193/cendekia.v2i2.74

Juwita, R. (2016). Legal Protection Towards Whistleblower in Indonesia: Synergy Between the United Nations Convention Against Corruption and National Law Concerning Protection of Witness and Victim. Justitia et Pax, 32(1), 89–109. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3684359

Juwita, R. (2017). Corruption as A Violation of the Right to Education in Indonesia: A Constructivist Approach. Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan, 47(3), 350–376. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol47.no3.1582

Koni, Y. K., Rahman, S., Pawennei, M., Djanggih, H., & Bunga, M. (2025). Legal Protection for Whistleblowers in the Eradication of Corruption Crimes in Indonesia. Lex Localis - Journal of Local Self-Government, 23(11), 1922–1929. https://doi.org/10.52152/8460qj76

Kusoy, M. C. (2017). Perlindungan terhadap Whistleblower pada Tindak Pidana Korupsi Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2014 tentang Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban. Lex Administratum, 5(9), 101–108.

Marzuki, I. (2024). Korupsi sebagai Kejahatan Serius: Evaluasi Peran Lembaga Anti-Korupsi. Policy and Law Journal, 1(1), 16–26.

Muhammad, R. (2015). Pengaturan dan Urgensi Whistle Blower dan Justice Collaborator dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana. Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM, 22(2), 203–222. https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol22.iss2.art2

Nixson, Kalo, S., Kamello, T., & Mulyadi, M. (2013). Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Whistleblower dan Justice Collaborator dalam Upaya Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. USU Law Journal, 2(2), 40–56.

Puanandini, D. A., Maharani, V. S., & Anasela, P. (2024). Korupsi Sebagai Kejahatan Luar Biasa: Analisis Dampak Dan Upaya Penegakan Hukum. Public Sphere: Jurnal Sosial Politik, Pemerintahan Dan Hukum, 3(3), 44–52. https://doi.org/10.59818/jps.v3i3.1173

Putri, H. K. (2025). Mekanisme Perlindungan Whistleblower dalam Mengungkap Praktik Korupsi di Sektor Publik. Global Research and Innovation Journal, 1(3), 2166–2173.

Putri, M. H., Munawar, A., & Aini, M. (2023). Proses Penyidikan dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana. Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis, 4(7), 1–24.

Ramdani, A. (2024). Pasal 14 ayat (1) KUHAP: Laporan atau Pengaduan Tertulis dalam Proses Penyelidikan.

Saputra, E. F., & Firmansyah, H. (2023). Politik Hukum dalam Upaya Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi melalui Pembaharuan Pengaturan Tindak Pidana Korupsi sebagai Extraordinary Crime dalam KUHP Nasional. UNES Law Review, 6(2), 4493–4504.

Siregar, R. V., & Patria, A. D. (2025). Analisis implementasi united nation convention against corruption (uncac) yang diberlakukan di indonesia. Triwikrama: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, 11(7), 381–390.

Sujana, A., Kania, D., & Anwar, S. (2025). Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pelapor Tindak Pidana Korupsi (Whistleblower) oleh Lembaga Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban (LPSK) Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2014. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 5(3), 1299–1312.

Sulaksono, & Efendi, J. (2025). Legal Protection for Whistleblower Civil Servants in Corruption Cases: A Comparative Study between Indonesia and the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC). KOSICE SECURITY REVUE, 15(2), 140–157.

Sumual, L. S., Kumendong, W. Jh., & Pinasang, R. (2020). Perlindungan Hak Asasi Manusia bagi Pelapor Tindak Pidana (Whistleblower) dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Lex et Societatis, 8(3), 59–71. https://doi.org/10.35796/les.v8i3.29503

United Nations. (n.d.). United Nations Convention against Corruption.

Yanto, A., Hikmah, F., & Aqil, N. A. (2023). Reoptimalisasi Perlindungan Hukum Saksi Pelapor (Whisteblower) dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Recht Studiosum Law Review, 2(1), 1–8.

Yany, S. M., Ikhsan, Rd. M., & Adisti, N. A. (2025). Analisis Perbandingan Justice Collaborator, Saksi Mahkota dan Whistleblower dalam Proses Pembuktian Tindak Pidana [Sriwijaya University]. https://repository.unsri.ac.id/165530/

Yustrisia, L. (2017). Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Whistle Blower dalam Rangka Penanggulangan Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia. Menara Ilmu: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Kajian Ilmiah, 11(75), 95–112.

Downloads

Published

2026-08-31

How to Cite

Theona Safitri, Farah Nisha Amelia, Inggrit Dwi Yani, Najwa Alma Mutie, & Nasywa Mukhbita Nayla. (2026). Analysis of Whistleblower Protection in Indonesia’s Anti-Corruption Laws Based on UNCAC Standards. Proceedings of the International Conference GLOBE Forum , 1(1), 165–179. Retrieved from https://ejournal.uhb.ac.id/index.php/globeforum/article/view/2485

Issue

Section

Social Science and Humanities

Similar Articles

<< < 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.